Stairs calculator

Stair stringer, tread, and riser calculator

Calculate the number of steps, riser height, tread depth, and stringer length for your stair project.

Stairs calculator

Stairs calculator result

Building code requirements

  • Maximum riser height: 7-3/4 inches (IRC)
  • Minimum tread depth: 10 inches (IRC)
  • Minimum tread width: 36 inches for main stairs
  • Handrail required: 4 or more steps
  • Headroom: Minimum 6 feet 8 inches

The calculator aims for riser heights close to 7 inches, which is the most comfortable and code-compliant standard for most stairs.

Worked example

For example, for a 8-ft total rise over 10-ft total run, with 7-in riser height:

  1. Steps = 8 ÷ (7 ÷ 12) = 13.7 → 14 steps
  2. Actual riser height = 8 ÷ 14 = 0.571 ft = 6.86 in
  3. Tread depth = (10 × 12) ÷ 14 = 8.57 in
  4. Stringer length = √(8² + 10²) = 12.81 ft
  5. Building code typically requires risers 4-7.75 in and treads at least 10 in

Common mistakes

MistakeWhy it matters
Not following local building codesMost codes require risers between 4 and 7.75 inches and treads at least 10 inches deep
Making inconsistent riser heightsAll risers must be within ⅜ in of each other — uneven steps are a tripping hazard
Forgetting to account for tread thicknessThe actual tread cuts on the stringer need to subtract the tread material thickness